WOMANISM + HISTORY
In Josephine Baker’s Activism, Black Joy and Struggle Live Side by Side
Remembering a world-renown performer, World War II spy, and civil rights activist
There’s a trope about Black activists, particularly women, that fighting for the advancement of their cause leaves little time for joy. However, this is a false dichotomy, as historical examples illustrate Black joy and struggle live side-by-side. Perhaps the life of Josephine Baker, a Black woman who became a world-renowned performer, civil rights activist, and spy for the French during World War II, illustrates this point best. Her advocacy didn’t stop her from enjoying her life. On the contrary, Baker often wore elegant clothing and stylish hairstyles, attended lavish parties, and performed before international audiences, captivating the hearts of millions. There was never a dull moment.
Baker, born Freda Josephine McDonald in 1906, grew up in St. Louis, Missouri. She spent her youth living in poverty, and “at age eight Josephine cleaned houses and babysat for wealthy white families, often being poorly treated.” Baker’s love of dancing and working with the Jones Family Band gave her a unique opportunity to be noticed, ultimately landing her a spot on Broadway. By the 1920s, Josephine Baker became a wildly…
